What are the strengths, challenges, and concerns your community has in dealing with justice issues? to assist Aboriginal people to assume greater responsibility for the administration of justice in their communities; to reflect and include Aboriginal values within the Canadian justice system; and. [3]   The Correctional Investigator Canada. The participation of other elements of the justice system was also identified to be critical to the success of the AJS. The Department realigned the AJS related policy functions to the Aboriginal Law and Strategic Policy group within the Aboriginal Affairs Portfolio, as a result of its policy capacity. WorldCat Home About WorldCat Help. Capacity building components are available to communities that do not yet have community-based programs or communities that run such programs. Furthermore, in a targeted examination, the AJS has proven to be effective in combating recidivism, more so than the mainstream justice system, and has been a very positive experience for the communities that host these programs. One such program - the Aboriginal Justice Strategy - supports Aboriginal communities to establish programs and systems to divert Aboriginal people away from the mainstream justice system and to handle less serious offences (property crimes for example) outside of courts. With regards to Indigenous youth, there has been an even more significant decrease in admissions to provincial/territorial correctional services (both custody … However, because of the enhanced and expanded funding the AJS received in the 2007 budget, community based programs will reach more Aboriginal communities in the very near future. It is a successful program that helps steer Aboriginal people away from a lifestyle of crime, provides hope and opportunity for Aboriginal youth and helps end cycles of violence." To what extent is there a continuing need for the AJS? The results from the study lend strong support to the assertion that AJS program participation reduces the likelihood of recidivism. Introduction. By taking cultural factors into consideration when dealing with criminality and by focussing on healing the community and offender rather than punishment, the justice process is seen as more relevant and responsive to Aboriginal communities’ needs. Despite this progress, however, community-based justice programs are still only reaching a small portion of Aboriginal offenders. In collaboration with the Aboriginal Justice Directorate, the Aboriginal Law and Strategic Policy group leads federal-provincial-territorial working groups on Aboriginal justice issues and the renewal process for the AJS, and provides legal advice on self-government negotiations. Many people believed both cases reflected discrimination in the justice system. The Strategy contains the path forward to modernizing the existing criminal justice system as well as the rebuilding of Indigenous justice systems. This study provides insights into the impact of AJS programs on clients’ likelihood of re-offending over time. These activities operate jointly, supporting and complementing one another in meeting the overall objectives of the AJS. A Strategy for Action. The Commission (1996) p. 309. They represent 18 per cent of the federal prison population although they account for just 3 per cent of the general Canadian population. has many programs, services and resources to help and support Aboriginal people and communities involved with the criminal justice system. During the first four years of the current AJS funding allocation (2002-03 to 2005-06), the Aboriginal Justice Directorate managed all components of the AJS. It discusses the policy context relating to the Strategy and describes its program logic, its management structure, and its financial resources. In 1988, Aboriginal leader, J.J Harper, was killed in a confrontation with a police constable. Aboriginal Justice Strategy. What does justice mean to you and your community? Also, other socio-economic factors, such as lower rates of educational attainment, lower employment and income, and other health and social issues contribute to Aboriginal people’s overrepresentation in the justice system and play a part in a continuing cycle of overrepresentation.[47]. The findings presented in Section 4 point to the following set of conclusions about the relevance and performance of the AJS. In addition, the information was shared with participants in an open manner and communities felt more ownership over the results. As part of the impact evaluation of the AJS, we would like to seek your input regarding … Community-based justice programs are seen as a mechanism that allow for different approaches to be expressed institutionally. For more information, visit B.C. During that same year a trial involving suspects of the 1971 abduction and murder of Helen Osbourne (a young Cree woman) took place. In 2007, LAO began developing an Aboriginal Justice Strategy to help meet the needs of First Nations communities across Ontario. It was found that the turnover rates for program coordinators were rather high, and because of this, a process for continuity from one coordinator to another is necessary. Of this total, approximately 4,500 clients were accepted for non-violent Criminal Code offences. Playing a role in building stronger communities through a healing process. Of particular interest is the amendment to the Criminal Code in the sentencing of Aboriginal offenders and its interpretation by the Supreme Court of Canada in the R. vs. Gladue (1999) decision which stressed a remedial approach as something judges should weigh in every case, and especially in cases involving an Aboriginal person. A Strategy for Action. From 2008-2013, this Strategy achieved measurable improvements in services to Aboriginal people and has been extended through 2018 to expand services and increase response to local needs. In 1988, Aboriginal leader, J.J Harper, was killed in a confrontation with a police constable. The following provides a summary of the main themes from the case studies that were conducted in support of the evaluation. [46], Researchers have found that much of the overrepresentation of Aboriginal people in the justice system can be traced to socio-economic conditions and historical factors. Evaluation of the Aboriginal Justice Strategy. Contact with Police Recognizing that, the AJS Summative Evaluation reviewed activity reports and the financial information of nine AJS programs. Develop the Aboriginal Youth Justice Strategy to strengthen young people’s connection to family, community and culture, and put in place the interventions and supports needed to reduce offending. Evaluation Division Corporate Services Branch. Turning to the mainstream justice system, the estimated cost of processing a summary offence case through the court system was found by the same evaluation to be approximately $859 per charge. 2. Structure of the report Previous Page; Table of Contents; Next Page; 1. The AJS was established as part of the federal government response to the over-representation of Aboriginal people in the Canadian justice system. An Aboriginal community controlled justice sector Self-determination in the justice sector. Itwas also found that programs would be more successful if there was ownership of the program demonstrated by the community. The AJS supports a range of activities that are expected to contribute to the achievement of specific policy goals. Aboriginal people believe care has to be taken so that actions to control the offender do not bring hardship to others. It has been well documented that the mainstream justice system has historically not responded well to Aboriginal peoples, as evidenced by their disproportionably high victimization and incarceration rates. To what extent are the AJS objectives aligned with Government of Canada priorities? This section of the report describes the AJS. Are there any emerging needs? The Aboriginal Justice Caucus has been critical in strengthening partnerships between the Aboriginal community and the Victorian Government to drive effective and self-determining change under Burra Lotjpa Dunguludja. Date modified: 2017-02-10 Section menu About Us. That Aboriginal communities assume greater responsibility for community-based justice programs and other community services in the administration of justice in their communities; That Aboriginal values are reflected and included in the administration of justice in Canada; That there be a reduction in the rates of crime, victimization and incarceration among Aboriginal peoples. This component offers support for training activities to address the developmental needs of communities, support the development of new programs, or to support one-time or annual events that build bridges, trust and partnerships between the mainstream justice system and Aboriginal communities. A recent account of this problem came from the Correctional Investigator, who reported that the incarceration rate for Aboriginal people is still approximately 10 times higher than the rate for non-Aboriginal persons: “Aboriginals account for a disproportionate share of the prison population. The core objective of this evaluation is to review AJS activities that were funded between 2002-03 and 2006-07 and assess their impacts. AJS community-based programs have a number of benefits on the communities they serve as well as diverting offenders from the mainstream justice system which include: In many of the cases examined, regardless of the AJS program model used, the impacts of the program extend beyond the principal participants. Many people believed both cases reflected discrimination in the justice system. Objectives of the evaluation 1.3. Search. This work includes an increased focus on decision making, accountability, governance and oversight, as well as specific initiatives to strengthen an Aboriginal community-led response. This is meant to bridge the disconnect between Aboriginal peoples’ unique personal and community background and experiences, and the criminal justice system. More specifically, the AJS pursues three objectives: The AJS includes six program components that can be grouped into two categories, namely community-based activities, which are supported through contribution agreements, and support measures, which are carried out internally within the Department of Justice. The Victorian AJA is a long-term partnership between the Aboriginal community and the Victorian Government. 2. Community-based justice program funding supports Aboriginal communities in developing and operating culturally relevant justice programs that give communities significant responsibility for working with offenders, and for resolving civil and criminal disputes, at the local level. [6]   See Department of Justice (2002). Aboriginal Justice. There is evidence of success in these programs: recidivism in Aboriginal communities has decreased due to AJS programs and participating Aboriginal people have found it to be a worthwhile process. Participants, however, were open to the photovoice process and the combination of stories and photos helped to illustrate the impacts that AJS programs are having within the communities. Aboriginal Justice Strategy Annual Report 2005-2006. The AJS supports two key activities through grants and contributions, namely community-based justice programs and capacity building initiatives. 4.2 Greater Aboriginal community leadership and strategic decision making. The study compared the likelihood of re-offending of individuals who participated in an AJS program with that of individuals who were referred to, but did not participate in, an AJS program. As this Court recently noted (…), there is widespread bias against aboriginal people within Canada, and “[t]here is evidence that this widespread racism has translated into systemic discrimination in the criminal justice system.”, (…) These findings cry out for recognition of the magnitude and gravity of the problem, and for responses to alleviate it. A 2006 Recidivism Study found that community based justice programs are very effective at dealing withAboriginal over-representation within the justice system and that programparticipants were less likely to re-offend than those that went through the mainstream justice system. This average cost is based on provincial court expenditures (court expenditures, prosecution costs, and legal aid) from three jurisdictions in Canada relating to summary offence charges. "The Aboriginal Justice Strategy builds on this Government's commitment to reduce and prevent crime, strengthen the justice system and promote safer communities. ... Aboriginal Justice College TOP. Victims often benefit from their involvement with AJS programs because they are given a voice in the process through things such as healing circles and community sentencing. Improvements in access to justice programs have been realized because the mandates of the Aboriginal Justice Strategy (AJS) were enhanced and expanded. Aboriginal Youth Justice Strategy. Ottawa. By sharing their own experiences in a circle, other people involved in the resolution of an offence, such as justice committee members, family members, and Elders, are also provided with a means of healing. This is especially important for those cases where the victims and offenders live in small or isolated communities. The Koori Youth Justice Strategy engaged TACSI to facilitate a process that would support the Aboriginal Justice Unit to develop a strategy to reduce Aboriginal Youth engagement with the justice system by 30% by 2030. With the enhanced funding for the AJS announced in the 2007 Budget, this number will increase, particularly in the target areas of urban communities, northern regions, and programs that target youth. As part of the impact evaluation of the AJS, we would like to seek your input regarding the relevance and performance of the AJS. In 2004-05, AJS programs accepted approximately 7,400 clients. The Koori Youth Justice Strategy engaged TACSI to facilitate a process that would support the Aboriginal Justice Unit to develop a strategy to reduce Aboriginal Youth engagement with the justice system by 30% by 2030. The AJS pursues objectives that relate both to the administration of justice within Aboriginal communities and to the administration of the mainstream justice system. The figures are stark and reflect what may fairly be termed a crisis in the Canadian criminal justice system.”[5]. Aboriginal Justice Strategy, Summative Evaluation. As part of these studies, documents from each of the selected communities were reviewed and five individuals from each of the case study programs were interviewed, including justice coordinators, police officers, victims, offenders, justice committee members, city officials, Elders, prosecutors, probation officers, and defence counsel. Aboriginal communities face a range of challenges in the implementation of their community-based justice programs, including the high level of turnover among the community program staff and mainstream justice personnel (prosecutors, police offices) who refer Aboriginal offenders. justice panel including dr.annie ross, and leah fontaine music and entertainment by murray porter The purpose of the conference is to increase awareness and share knowledge between new and existing Aboriginal Justice Strategy (AJS) Programs in BC. over the long term, along with other justice programs, to contribute to a decrease in the rate of victimization, crime and incarceration among Aboriginal people in communities operating AJS programs; to assist Aboriginal people to assume greater responsibility for the administration of justice in their communities; to provide better and more timely information about community justice programs funded by the AJS; and. Funding for aboriginal justice program will continue despite budget concerns. Similarly, the 2007 Summative Evaluation found that the AJS was creating safer and more stable communities while also being a cost effective alternative to the mainstream justice system. This section describes the AJS' program logic and is based on the model included as Figure 1 on page 9. Final Report. “Annual Report of the Office of the Correctional Investigator 2005-2006.” Ottawa, p. 11. An Aboriginal Justice College will be needed to provide training and continuing education for the Aboriginal people required to assume positions of responsibility within both the existing justice system and Aboriginal justice systems. over the long term, along with other justice programs, to contribute to a decrease in the rate of victimization, crime and incarceration among Aboriginal people in communities operating AJS programs. Furthermore, as more Aboriginal people become involved in justice administration, a greater understanding of Aboriginal needs will evolve and, consequently, contribute to the necessary conditions for sustainable improvements within the mainstream justice system. If the culture and traditions of thepeople the program was helping were included in the justice process, the betterchance the program would succeed. 2. Initially program coordinators expressed some mistrust of conventional evaluation approaches. B.C. As the table shows, recidivism rates are significantly lower among program participants at every point in time after completing the program. The Aboriginal Justice Caucus, consisting of Aboriginal Elders and leaders, is leading the development of the first Aboriginal Youth Justice strategy, which will be informed by the work of the Koori Youth Justice Taskforce, led by the Commissioner for Aboriginal Children and Young People in partnership with Youth Justice. Conclusions, Reccommendations and Management Response. [48]  In addition to this, the AJS has gained eager partners and participants, both provinces and territories, as well as Aboriginal communities. The Aboriginal Law and Strategic Policy (ALSP) Group provides strategic policy support to the AJD. Description of the Aboriginal Justice Strategy. Both the Department of Justice and the Department of Indian and Northern Affairs Canada allocate funding to the AJS. During the same year(2004), a total of 28,600 individuals were charged in Canada for offences committed on-reserve including 17,126 individuals charged with non-violentf fences, which are the type of offences that are typically referred to the community-based justice programs. Publication date: Wednesday, 19 December 2018 The Department of Justice has released a new Aboriginal Employment Strategy 2019-2022 to create pathways for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people to join the department and progress their careers and development. What impact has the community-based justice program had in your community. Recognising the foundational principle of selfdetermination, we are developing an Aboriginal Youth Justice strategy, led by the Aboriginal Justice Caucus. to desist from re-offending . Introduction. Over time, both federal and provincial governments have implemented initiatives to improve the ways in which the mainstream justice system responds to Aboriginal offenders. Within the study, offenders who participated in an AJS program are referred to throughout this summary as “program participants.”  Offenders who did not participate in an AJS program are referred to as “comparison group members.”   Criminal behaviour is defined in terms of criminal offences that result in convictions (or findings of guilt in the case of young offenders). In partnership with the BC Government, the BCFNJC seeks to transform the criminal justice system by implementing the BC First Nations Justice Strategy. Aboriginal Employment Strategy 2019-2022 Creating pathways for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people . "The Aboriginal Justice Strategy builds on this Government's commitment to reduce and prevent crime, strengthen the justice system and promote safer communities. This provincial average does not reflect the cost of conducting a trial in a remote location, which is considerably higher. Description of the Aboriginal Justice Strategy. The principal reason for this crushing failure is the fundamentally different world views of Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people with respect to such elemental issues as the substantive content of justice and the process of achieving justice.”[4]. Aboriginal Justice Strategy Annual Report 2005-2006 Previous Page; Table of Contents; Next Page; Executive Summary. This approach helps to increase a sense of responsibility for one’s actions and gives the individual a greater connection to their community. Community-based justice programs have emerged as an alternative to the mainstream justice system, allowing Aboriginal communities to address some conflicts in accordance with their own values of caring and healing. While the cost per unit for an AJS referral is higher than the cost per charge in the mainstream justice system, the considerably lower recidivism rate among AJS participants means that, over time, the justice system would be achieving savings. Aboriginal Justice Strategy. The Aboriginal Justice Strategy was created in 1991 (originally called the Aboriginal Justice Initiative), to support a range of community-based justice initiatives such as diversion programs, community participation in the sentencing of offenders, and mediation and arbitration mechanisms for civil disputes. A total of 63 individuals were interviewed. In cases where victims have a role in the program, they are provided with an opportunity to face their offenders and for offenders to understand the impact of their actions. Details of the findings of these studies follow. The signatories of the Agreement are committed to working together to improve Aboriginal justice outcomes, family and community safety, and reduce … Many Aboriginal communities have yet to implement these programs, and even where such programs exist, not all Aboriginal offenders who may benefit from these programs are able to access them. The Department of Justice allocates most of its AJS funds to the funding of community-based justice programs. The AJS is one component of the federal government's response to the well-documented fact that a disproportionate number of Aboriginal people are in conflict with the law. Restrictions are in place to help slow the spread of coronavirus (COVID-19) and save lives.For more information visit the … AJS programs are designed to tailor justice needs to specific Aboriginal communities to address this overrepresentation. THE ABORIGINAL JUSTICE STRATEGY. Aboriginal people represent 3.3% of the Canadian population, but make up 18% of total provincial and territorial sentenced admissions. As a part of the case studies, the Department of Justice utilized an innovative participatory method called Photovoice, where program participants from the case study communities took pictures to represent their experiences with community based justice. Crime statistics provide an incomplete, yet, helpful illustration of this important gap in program reach. The AJS evaluation identified a number of key elements that contributed to successful Aboriginal community based justice programs. Community-based activities are at the core of the AJS. (…) [T]he best estimate of the overall incarceration rate for Aboriginal People in Canada is 1,024 per 100,000 adults. While it initially allocated $11.5 million annually to AJS in the current funding allocation, the federal government applied budget-reallocation and adjustments to the AJS such that the program's actual allocation has been varying between $9.4 and $10.3 annually (see Table 1 for details). 688, par. Although there were many reasons why offenders would be referred to an AJS program but did not participate in that program, the two most common reasons for non-participation were (a) refusal by the Crown, the program, the victim or the offender, or, (b) the offender had moved away prior to program commencement. With this approach, the participants record and reflect on issues that are important to them. The Aboriginal Justice Strategy The Aboriginal Justice Strategy was created in 1991 (originally called the Aboriginal Justice Initiative), to support a range of community-based justice initiatives such as diversion programs, community participation in the sentencing of offenders, and mediation and arbitration mechanisms for civil disputes. In previous years, numerous studies have documented the problematic relationship between Aboriginal peoples and the mainstream justice system. The Aboriginal Justice Caucus, consisting of Aboriginal Elders and leaders, is leading the development of the first Aboriginal Youth Justice strategy, which will be informed by the work of the Koori Youth Justice Taskforce, led by the Commissioner for Aboriginal Children and … An Aboriginal Justice College will be needed to provide training and continuing education for the Aboriginal people required to assume positions of responsibility within both the existing justice system and Aboriginal justice systems. Previous Page; Table of Contents; Next Page; Appendix B: Summary of Case Studies. Results-Based Management and Accountability Framework (RMAF) 2002-2007 Aboriginal Justice Strategy. ... primarily through an Aboriginal Youth Justice Strategy, which is in the early stages of development. A demographic bulge in the 15-24 age range for the Aboriginal population can partially account for higher crime rates as this age cohort is more likely to commit property and violent crime. This work takes place within a legal and policy framework designed to be … The Department of Indian and Northern Affairs Canada contributes $2 million annually while the Department of Justice contributes the remaining portion. In total 3,361 AJS program participants and 885 comparison group members from nine programs across Canada were part of this study. Aboriginal Justice Strategy, Summative Evaluation. Activities listed in the preceding subsection are expected to contribute to the achievement of the following initial outcomes: The AJS activities are also expected to contribute to the achievement of three intermediate outcomes: Finally, the AJS activities are expected to contribute to the achievement of three long-term outcomes: Figure 1, Logic Model - Aboriginal Justice Strategy. As a summative evaluation, this study focuses on the program’s rationale, results, and cost-effectiveness, but also covers a number of issues relating to program implementation. For instance, the role of the program coordinator was found to be pivotal to the success of the program, and skilled program staff and volunteers equally so. Burra Lotjpa Dunguludja contributes to making Aboriginal families and communities safer, and equitable justice outcomes. 1. Bridging the Cultural Divide: A Report on Aboriginal People and Criminal Justice in Canada. In 2005-06, close to 70 percent of the total AJS funding went to support such programs, which provincial and territorial governments also support through direct funding or in-kind contributions. Policy Development and Support promotes and supports Aboriginal community justice as a key policy issue in Canada through strategic partnerships at the departmental, interdepartmental and intergovernmental levels; provides multi-disciplinary advice on Aboriginal justice issues to the DOJ and to other federal departments; and provides advice and input to self-government negotiators on the … Search for Library Items Search for Lists Search for Contacts Search for a Library. AJS-funded programs are located in every province and territory with approximately 111 alternative measures programs serving about 400 communities. Evaluations of the AJS have proven its effectiveness thus far. Create lists, bibliographies and reviews: or Search WorldCat. And in an environment of increasing pressure to show value for spending, AJS programs have been shown to be more cost-effective than the mainstream justice system. In June 2006, the Department of Justice realigned the AJS management structure as follows: When the federal government first launched the AJS in 1996, it allocated $4.5 million annually to the program, a figure that increased to $8.6 million annually by the end of the first funding allocation in 2000-01. The general policy work undertaken by the ALSP on Aboriginal justice issues assists the AJD in improving justice outcomes for Aboriginal people and increasing Aboriginal community involvement in the administration of justice. Access to Child Witness Service for Aboriginal Children. Publications & Resources; In 2007, LAO began developing an Aboriginal Justice Strategy to help meet the needs of First Nations communities across Ontario. Quality training for program staff was identified to be extremely important to the success of a program as was corporate memory for such things as best practices. Aboriginal Justice Strategy Summative Evaluation Inventory of Interview Questions. 4.1.2 Increased Aboriginal community ownership of and access to data. There are a number of programs that are targeted at Aboriginal people that offer alternatives to access justice. Ottawa. Context of the evaluation 1.2. 1.1. 1 S.R.C. The AJS has undergone a series of renewals and expansions, culminating in the recent 2007 Budget announcement to renew the AJS until 2012. Since every AJS program is unique, it is challenging to establish an average cost per referral. 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