Will it have a quicker reaction with a higher temperature. The experiment was started by first unpacking the equipment and tprepare the hydrochloric acid by putting 25 ml in each beaker, then setting up the heat plate to the right setting to heat the hydrochloric acid to 80 C. once the heat plate hit its aiming temperature the beaker was placed on it till it hit the temperature of 80 C when it hit 80 C exactly, a piece of magnesium was placed in the beaker with the chemical reaction being recorded by both a timer and writing down what happened. Therefore, considering concentration factor and surface are factor of reactants it is evident that the rate reaction curve trends would not be linear as expected, but rather exponential. A table of results showing HCl-Magnesium ribbon reaction duration (seconds) in reducing concentration, Table 3. Dictionary.com, n.d. The most rapid gas bubbles were observed in the acid reactions with powdered Magnesium metal. Therefore, we sought to test the duration of reaction of equal lengths Magnesium ribbons with reducing concentrations of hydrochloric acid. Therefore, the errors were unidirectional therefore consistent. Hydrochloric acid (HCL) is a strong, colorless mineral acid used with many purposes. One strip of magnesium is placed in a test tube containing 5 mL of water, and the other strip is placed in a test tube containing 5 mL of hydrochloric acid, HCl. Explain the reason for your prediction. Question: Do you think the balloon will expand to a smaller or larger diameter compared to Trial 3. this EEI (extended experimental investigation) has discussed the aim of the experiment, the method and the results of the experiment, also the errors of the investigation that will be made sure that the same errors will not be made in future experiments. The increasing of concentration of HCL to react with the magnesium ribbon, consequently speeding up the rate of the reaction. Preliminary Investigation: Diagram: Method: “h Set out the equipment as shown above. 1. 2.9K views View 3 Upvoters While not exactly correct to do so, I'll write "heat" as a product of the reaction to read: Mg + 2HCl => MgCl2 + … (a) Complete the boxes to identify the apparatus. acquire an understanding … Magnesium and dilute hydrochloric acid react to produce magnesium chloride solution and hydrogen: #Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) -> MgCl_2(aq) + H_2(g)# What are two observations that could be made during the reaction? This is because the hydrogen ions (H+) from the acid I have a large binding surface on magnesium metal but later, the surface area diminishes due to other factors in the reaction. Electrolysis of water Use a U-tube with electrodes at each … At higher acid concentration, the rates of bubble forming were rapid than those in lower acid concentrations were. It is single replacement because the element magnesium is "replacing" the hydrogen in hydrochloric acid. The student’s observations are recorded in the table. If you need assistance with writing your essay, our professional essay writing service is here to help! Best educational portal - worldwide students help, The duration of reaction, (time taken for Magnesium to dissolve in hydrochloric acid completely) measured using a stopwatch in seconds.The rate of gas bubbles. During the reaction, the water bath in the gas delivery system showed gas bubbles ascending to the gas cylinder. Although we had predicted and hypothesized that the duration of the reaction would be reduced by a half, the data partially supported the hypothesis since the data was 89.1% close to what we predicted. The hydrochloric acid is clear and colorless with no … Mg+2HCl->H2+MgCl2+heat energy That's the reaction which occurs when between magnesium and hydrochloric acid. Clark (2002) explains that, finely divided chemical solids have greater surface area than chemical solids in lumps. No plagiarism, guaranteed! Web. Reaction of hydrochloric acid and magnesium and the test for hydrogen. Temperature can have many chemical reactions on experiments or natural substances. The chemical reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium produces magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas. Half-fill a medium-sized test tube with 2 M hydrochloric acid. From the experimentation the aims of the experimentation have been achieved. Magnesium and hydrochloric acid react according to the chemical equation: Mg + 2HCl => MgCl2 + H2. Add 40 ml of distilled water and label the conical flask with the concentration of the HCL poured. The more active an element, the more inclined it is to react with other elements and to displace less active elements in … Registered Data Controller No: Z1821391. It is located and used in many ways for example it is contain in toilet cleaners and used for clean the toilet. Given that, the experiment was carried out under the same conditions, the data obtained are reliable and generalizable. Add a 2–3 cm depth of dilute hydrochloric acid to the first three tubes, and a 2–3 cm depth of dilute sulfuric acid to the remaining three tubes. The main substances that were used in the experiment were hydrochloric acid (HCL) and magnesium ribbon(Mg) when these materials combined there was a chemical reaction, the reaction was that there was bubbling and fizzing when the magnesium dissolved, there was a pattern when the temperatures changed, the molecules in the acid would change speed cause the reaction to be either fast or slow, when the acid was at a high temperature for example 80 C the molecules in the acid were packed together but free to move but they were moving at a high speed but not as fast as gas molecules, this was causing the acid to bubble like boiling water, as the temperature was high this made the magnesium ribbon to dissolve faster. In acid-base chemical reactions, there are four main variables, which influence the rate of reaction. Record your observations. Use the average weight as obtained in 15 above and weigh of an equivalent weight of Magnesium powder (for this case 0.102 grams) and pour into the first conical flask containing the 3 M HCl acid, start your stopwatch, and immediately cork the flask to the gas delivery system. Disclaimer: This is an example of a student written essay.Click here for sample essays written by our professional writers. The higher the concentration of the acid the slower the reaction did not take place. Author has 525 answers and 1M answer views Hydrochloric acid react with magnesium carbonate to gives us MgCl2,H2O and CO2. Next the correct PPE was equipped so if there was an error there was some protection, the equipment that was essential to equip was. Magnesium ribbon = 37+51+77+158+201/S = 104.8 sec The experimental data show that using powdered Magnesium metal reduces the duration of reaction with HCl significantly. Increasing concentration of hydrochloric acid: This will be changed by changing dilution factor.Surface area of Magnesium ribbon: This will be changed by using Magnesium ribbons and powdered Magnesium metal in separate experiments. “h Cut magnesium into 3 pieces of 2, 3 and 4 cm “h Pour 30 cm 3 of 2 molar hydrochloric acid into a beaker. Observations: Reactants: Products: Chemical Equation: 9. Chemistry for higher tier: New coordinated science. Monitors the reaction progress and stop the stopwatch when the Magnesium powder dissolves completely in the acid. Discard all the chemicals, wash, and rinse the conical flasks ready for another procedure. 2. Your teacher will demonstrate the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid, while you make observations. Figure 1: Experimental set-up of HCl-Magnesium reaction. Place the test tube in a test-tube rack and add several magnesium turnings. Company Registration No: 4964706. Remember to watch carefully and take detailed notes. The chemical reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid produces magnesium chloride and hydrogen. during the experiment, there was only one error which was the molecule strength was mixed up, instead of using the 1 molecule on 2 of the 40 ÌŠc tests we use 0.1 molecule this could have been avoided if we paid more attention to the equipment we used in the test. Add the magnesium strip to each boiling tube – ensuring that the Mg is fully immersed in the acid, allow the reaction to proceed for 10 seconds and record your observations. In this Trial you will investigate the reaction of 75ml of hydrochloric acid with 0.5g of magnesium. Cumulative average of reaction duration of: Bubbles of hydrogen are formed, together with colourless solutions of beryllium or magnesium sulphate. Temperature is a measure of the warmth or coldness of an object or substance with reference to some standard value. 17th Aug 2017 The magnesium is attacked by the hydrochloric acid resulting in the magnesium dissolving into the solution resulting in a solution of magnesium chloride in hydrochloric acid and the production of hydrogen gas. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is 2HCL(aq) + Mg(s) produces MgCl2(aq) +H2(g), where the subscripts refer to the substance's form, such as aq stands for aqueous, g is a gas, and s is a … The experiment procedure was divided into two related investigations involving equal lengths of Magnesium ribbons and equal amounts of powdered Magnesium metal. Magnesium powder = 16+24+48+89+117/S = 58.8 sec To test the differences between different temperatures and how quick the magnesium ribbon reacts to the hydrochloric acid. For stance, magnesium metal reacts with hydrochloric to form magnesium chloride salt while displacing hydrogen from the acid as hydrogen gas. The task is to alter and record the different temperatures when magnesium ribbon is places hydrochloric acid. However, the experimentation had the following inconsistencies as shown the table below. Reference this, Kiara Anderson, Laura Knott, Jackson Baker. Chemical Reaction Observations Reaction Type Iron and copper (II) sulfate solution The iron turned a brownish red color Single displacement Lead (II) nitrate and potassium iodide solutions It went toward the bottom of the test tube, and the solution appeared as a thick opaque yellow Double displacement Magnesium metal and hydrochloric acid … Reset your stopwatch, a repeat steps 9, 10 and 11 for the subsequent acids. “h Time from when the magnesium … VAT Registration No: 842417633. Introduction In the experiment the magnesium reacts with the hydrochloric acid to … Will it be a slower reaction with the ice bath? The following chemicals and reagents were required in the experimentation: Apparatus and personal protection equipment. Magnesium metal (in form of a ribbon or powder) reacts with acids rapidly than water liberating hydrogen gas. Temperature influences the rates of reaction through kinetic energy, such that high temperatures increase the kinetic energy of reacting molecules therefore causing frequent collisions, which form prod… Magnesium metal and hydrochloric acid solution Place one scoop of magnesium turnings into the test tube. We've received widespread press coverage since 2003, Your UKEssays purchase is secure and we're rated 4.4/5 on reviews.co.uk. Study for free with our range of university lectures! Even after disappearance of magnesium ribbon, gas bubbles were evident, implying the reaction was incomplete. MgCO3 + 2… The silvery white solid is an abundant element found in the earth’s crust which was first discovered in 1755. 2. Reset your stopwatch timer and prepare a gas delivery system including water bath as shown figure one below. 3. The reaction of magnesium metal with concentrated hydrochloric acid produces hydrogen gas, in a “single-displacement” reaction, due to the fact that magnesium is more chemically active than hydrogen. AH® For HCl(aq) = -167.16 KJ/mol AH® For MgCl2(aq) = -801.17 KJ/mol Calculate The Standard Enthalpy Change For This Reaction. Pick one piece of Magnesium ribbon drop in the first prepared acid in the conical flask and immediately start your stopwatch. How quickly will the magnesium ribbon react to the hydrochloric acid at different temperatures? Also when the experiment is set in the ice bath, the reaction time will be much slower than the other temperature sets. Q. Hi, I was wondering if you could help me with my chemistry experiment, I have conducted an experiment in which I react magnesium ribbon with hydrochloric acid. THE EFFECT OF SURFACE AREA ON REACTION RATES. The duration of reactions were recorded as shown in tables 2 and 3 below. Powdered solids produces rapid reactions than the same solids in single lumps. New York: Oxford University Press. Reaction of Magnesium with Hydrochloric Acid OUTCOMES After completing this experiment, the student should be able to: develop a procedure for generating and measuring a gas in a reaction. The student then records the following observations: 1. However, Barrans (2012) highlights that the reaction rate between magnesium metal and HCl follows first order kinetics. Hess’s Law states that the enthalpy of a reaction is the same, despite the order the steps of the reaction occurred. Reaction of metals with oxygen Look at how magnesium reacts with oxygen: /**/ The use of a gas jar full of oxygen can be used to combust other metals. Repeat step 5 and 6 for 2M, 1.5M, 1M, and 0.5M HCL and keep all the acids ready on the working bench. Record which metal you add to each tube. Add a small piece of a different metal to each of the tubes with hydrochloric acid in them. Before anything was started, the whole method was reread and memorised so there was an understanding of the experiment. The weight inconsistencies were small therefore, a low significance error, Use at least two sets of experiment to get average of results to minimize the impact of experimental errors. [2] (b) Give one observation expected during this reaction. Temperature influences the rates of reaction through kinetic energy, such that high temperatures increase the kinetic energy of reacting molecules therefore causing frequent collisions, which form prod… A table of results showing HCl-Magnesium powder reaction duration (seconds) in reducing concentration, Graph Registered office: Venture House, Cross Street, Arnold, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, NG5 7PJ. The temperature was the same in each case. Looking for a flexible role? To export a reference to this article please select a referencing stye below: If you are the original writer of this essay and no longer wish to have your work published on UKEssays.com then please: Our academic writing and marking services can help you! This is a low significance error since we based mostly on the disappearance of magnesium into the acid rather than disappearance gas bubbles. the higher the temperature the quicker or bigger the chemical reaction is when a magnesium ribbon is drop in the beaker of 25ml of hydrochloric acid. Table 2. For a laboratory investigation, a student is instructed to place a 2.4 g sample of magnesium ribbon into 500 mL of a 2.0 M solution of hydrochloric acid. observe the reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium; and identify the gaseous product of the reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium. Cut 5 equal sizes (10 cm) pieces of Magnesium from the fleshly cleaned Magnesium ribbon, weigh each of them using a digital weighing balance and record their weights. (“Temperature.” Dictionary.com. Choose only one indicator that signifies end of reaction. test tube. Once the PPE was suited up, all the equipment was checked to make sure there was nothing missing, so the experiment didn’t need to be paused just to get more equipment. *You can also browse our support articles here >. Due to the human body it is important to a normal bone structure, magnesium is essential to disease prevention, low magnesium levels have been linked to some diseases such as osteoporosis, high blood pressure, diabetes, stroke, clogged arteries and heart disease. This method can be used to compare different metals and their reactivity with oxygen by observing the reaction. Assume this reaction generates copper with a +2 charge. This is as shown in the equation below: 2HCl (aq) + Mg (s) => MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g). … Therefore, this study intends to investigate the effect of concentration and surface area of reactants on the rate of chemical reactions. Reactants with high surface area provide a greater binding surface for other reacting molecules, and therefore increase the number of successful collisions at any moment. Magnesium oxide reacts exothermically with hydrochloric acid and produces magnesium chloride, liquid water, and heat. Beryllium and magnesium These are just like the reactions with dilute hydrochloric acid, and you have probably been familiar with the reaction between magnesium and dilute sulphuric acid almost since you started doing chemistry. Prediction Plan an experiment to investigate the effect of decreasing the temperature on the rate of this reaction by measuring the volume of hydrogen produced. previous 1 All work is written to order. The study variables are summarized in the table below: Table 1 A table of study variables and operationalization of the study variables. When solid Mg reacts with HCl (hydrochloric acid), magnesium chloride (MgCl 2), … Hydrochloric acid is a corrosive liquid. the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid will be effected if we change the concentration of hydrochloric acid. Repeat step 16 with 2M, 1.5M, 1M, and 0.5M HCL and clearly label your results. Given that, powdered Magnesium metal has a high surface area than equivalent lengths of Magnesium ribbon, we predict that the former will have shorter duration of reaction with hydrochloric acid than the latter. How will the magnesium ribbon react to the hydrochloric acid? For the 10 cm magnesium metal used, there was slight variation in weight. (2002). High concentrations imply that more reacting molecules are at high proximity to each other therefore intermolecular collisions are frequent therefore forming products frequently. Add 5 drops of potassium iodide solution. The aim of this experiment is to verify the effects of surface area of solid reactants and concentration of aqueous reactants on the rates of acid-base chemical reactions. The same steps happened with the other temperatures, which were 60 C, 40 C, the room temperature (22 C) and the ice bath (6 C). 6 CE 21 62521 3 The rate of reaction between magnesium and dilute hydrochloric acid can be followed by measuring the volume of hydrogen produced. 3. These include the presence or absence of catalyst, temperature, concentration, and surface area of reactants. Student answers will vary. Clean the Magnesium ribbon using a sand paper to remove oxides coating its surface. Do you have a 2:1 degree or higher? Importantly, suitable acid-base indicators can be used to detect the end of the reaction accurately. This is an exothermic reaction, meaning that the forming of the bonds MgCl2 and H2 gives off heat. I was wondering if you could give me some background information on what goes on in … Temperature influences the rates of reaction through kinetic energy, such that high temperatures increase the kinetic energy of reacting molecules therefore causing frequent collisions, which form products faster. Acids will react with reactive metals, such as magnesium and zinc, to make a salt and hydrogen. Next, place a burning splint near the mouth of the test tube to test for the presence of hydrogen gas. Barrans, R. E. (2012, March). For instance hydrogen bubbles block magnesium surface or blow the magnesium to the surface of the acid solution therefore, slowing down the reaction. 4. The experimentation procedures followed were standard for all the two sets of experiments conducted, including data collection mode. First, repair your working bench by simply removing unnecessary materials. The temperature of two systems is the same when the systems are in thermal equilibrium. Hydrochloric acid (HCL) is a strong, colorless mineral acid used with many purposes. Hypothesis: Powdered Magnesium metal will reduce the reaction duration by a half if used in place of equivalent length of magnesium ribbon, when reacted with hydrochloric acid. Make sure you put on your personal protective clothing and safety goggles. CO2 is a gas which evolves in this reaction. These include the presence or absence of catalyst, temperature, concentration, and surface area of reactants. Similarly, the duration of reaction will be determined using equivalent weights of powdered Magnesium metal. The quantity of Magnesium metal used will be held constant by way of using equal lengths of Magnesium ribbons and equivalent weights (in grams) of powdered Magnesium metal.All the reaction will be carried out under a constant temperature (room temperature of 25. The ratio of the cumulative reaction duration above gives 104.8 sec/58.8 sec = 1.78. Immediately cork the flask to the prepared gas delivery system. We're here to answer any questions you have about our services. Retrieved March 8, 2012, from newton.dep.anl.gov: http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/chem00/, Clark, J. These include the presence or absence of catalyst, temperature, concentration, and surface area of reactants. Retrieved March 8, 2012, from chemguide.co.uk: http://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/basicrates/surfacearea.html, Gallagher, R., & Ingram, P. (2001). In acid-base chemical reactions, there are four main variables, which influence the rate of reaction. Secondly, for safety precaution, magnesium ribbon is a flammable solid. Research Question: If magnesium ribbon is replaced with an equivalent weight of powered magnesium, does the rate of reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid double? The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is Mg (s) + 2 HCl (aq) produces MgCl 2 (aq) + H 2 (g), where the letter "s" stands for solid, "g" is gas and "aq" represents an aqueous solution. The magnesium ribbon is a bright, shiny, silvery metal. Magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid according to the equation: Mg (s) + 2 HCl (aq) --> MgCl2(aq) + H2(g) This demonstration can be used to illustrate the characteristic reaction of metals with acid, a single replacement reaction, or to demonstrate the generation of hydrogen gas. Different temperatures can either increase or decrease the speed of the particles in liquids or gases, causing particles to collect more energy, and to collide and creating chemical reactions when temperature is increased. A real-world version of this experiment could be when cooking steak on a barbeque where the higher the temperature the faster the meat will cook. 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