The quake was caused by the collision of the Indian-Australian and Eurasian plates along the 155-mile- (249-km-) long Longmenshan Fault, a thrust fault in which the stresses produced by the northward-moving Indian-Australian plate shifted a … 70,000. normal fault The Longmenshan Fault is in China. NOW 50% OFF! The Longmenshan fault zone is located at the Eastern Tibet, north from the Qingchuan, go through the Nanba, Beichuan, Yingxiu, Baoxing to LuDing, total length is about 560 km, and width is 30-50 km. structure beneath the east T ibetan m argin and Sichuan. Abstract: The Longmenshan fault zone (LMSF), characterized by complex structures and strong seismicity, is located at the junction between the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and the north-western Sichuan basin. Number of deaths. At … The images of lower crust and upper mantle in the Longmenshan fault, Xianshuihe fault, Honghe fault and others appear the characteristic of tectonic boundary, indicating that … Since the Wenchuan earthquake on May 12, 2008, abundant studies of the formation mechanism of earthquakes along the LMSF were performed. Herein we summarize the current understandings of the major tectonic events that have shaped this important tectonic complex, highlighting problems left to be solved by future work, including: (1) The nature and constraints for at least 6 regional tectonic events, i.e., building of the metamorphic basement (Art), the Columbia/Nuna supercontinent (Pt1t), the Rodinia supercontinent (Pt3t), the Paleozoic passive continental margin (Pzt), the Paleotethys orogeny (Mzt) and the Neotethys orogeny (Kzt); (2) Metamorphic basement exposures and their tectonic implications, including rock types and geochronological constraints for the Archean, Paleoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic basements; (3) Nature of the present LSTC and its affinity with adjacent tectonic units; (4) Consideration of the NE-striking Longmenshan thrust belt and arcuate-shape Yanyuan-Muli thrust belt as parts of a single tectonic feature; (5) Mountain-basin coupled systems recording past tectonic eposides. The average crustal Vp/Vs ratios vary in By using the criterion of fault dislocation, whether fault dislocation occurs and the type of fault dislocation can be directly determined, and these criteria are applied to the judgment of fault dislocation of Longmenshan fault zone. The Beichuan-Yingxiu fault divides the Longmenshan thrust belt into a hinterland belt to the northwest and a foreland thrust belt to the southeast (Chen and Wilson, 1996, Worley and Wilson, 1996, Arne et al., 1997, Meng et al., 2005, Jin et al., 2007, Yan et al., 2011). (dip-slip) 2. The boundary between the positive and negative anomaly zones is the Longmenshan fault zone. We draw the following conclusions and tectonic models based on published research combined with our own recent studies: (1) The well preserved Archean Yudongzi gneiss group in the LSTC has a genetic affinity with the Kongling group, and thus belongs to the Yangtze block; (2) The Paleoproterozoic Hejiayan group, juxtaposed adjacent to the Archean Yudongzi group, may represent a 2000–1800 Ma orogenic belt, which corresponds to the supercontinent Nuna/Columbia amalgamation event; (3) A Neoproterozoic trench-arc-basin system, which is reconstructed based on identification of a Neoproterozoic ophiolite complex, arc-type magmatic rock assemblages and volcaniclastic basinal deposits along the western margin of the Yangtze block and the LSTC, may represent the record of eastward subduction of the Neoproterozoic Mozambique oceanic lithosphere beneath the Yangtze block during the assembly of the Rodinia supercontinent; (4) A complete bidirectional Wilson cycle was reconstructed by the formation of the late Permian to the middle-late Triassic back-arc Ganze-Litang rift and ocean following the early Paleozoic Mianlue continental rift and ocean, and subsequent closure of the ocean basin by simultaneous bidirectional northward and southwestward subduction and later collision. Type of plate boundary. Nikita Khrushchev was a tsar of Russia. [1] We analyse receiver functions from 29 broad‐band seismographs along a 380‐km profile across the Longmenshan (LMS) fault belt to determine crustal structure beneath the east Tibetan margin and Sichuan basin. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2018.06.017. Compressional forces brought on by this shift sheared the ground in two locations along the fault, thrusting the ground upward by…. Mechanical Analysis of Fault Dislocation. Longmenshan (LMS) fault belt to determine crustal. If it splits with an incline, it’s a dip-slip type of fault; If it doesn’t have an incline, it’s strike-slip; Now, you have 2 mats. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. The Longmeshan fault, where the 2008 Wenchuan M S 8.0 earthquake and 2013 Lushan M S 7.0 earthquake occurred, provides an opportunity for us to study this important issue. Britannica Kids Holiday Bundle! The fault system is mainly thrust faults that have a dextrorotation slip component (Chen et al, 2013). Our analysis results show that the seismicities of Longmenshan fault zone before the 12 May 2008 … Abstract. The Longmenshan Tectonic Complex experienced at least 6 regional tectonic events. The fault zone stretches more than 150 miles (240 km) along the base of the Longmen Shan Mountains. The seismicity of Longmenshan fault zone and its vicinities before the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake is studied. The Longmenshan fault zone is about a 500 km long and 30-50 km wide NE-SW direction fault belt. In Sichuan earthquake of 2008. The Longmenshan fault zone is the important boundary zone of the Bayan Har block on the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. https://www.britannica.com/place/Longmenshan-Fault. [cite journallast = Dong Jia et al. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. The NW-trending crustal shortening rate across the Longmenshan thrust belt is inferred by geological study to The Longmenshan Tectonic Complex and adjacent tectonic units in the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau: A review. Three end-member models have been used to describe the unusual central mountain fault geometry of the northern LMS fault zone: (1) low-angle imbricate overthrust faults merged with a detachment at ∼7–10 km depth (Jia et al., 2010, Li et al., 2010), (2) high-angle listric faults (Wu et al., 2014) rooted into a brittle–ductile transition zone at ∼20–22 km depth (Zhang et al., 2010, Zhu and … A Paleotethys orogenic belt was superposed by a Neotethys orogenic Plateau. Ranking of most deadliest earthquakes. basin. The earthquake resulted from a type of fault movement known as strike-slip, in which the two sides of the fault move horizontally past each other. The Moho deepens from about 50 km u nder. contrasts across the Longmenshan fault (Fig.3a) more pronounced than across the Lijiang fault (Fig.3b). How many people were made homeless? Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. It is a large active fault zone that the length and width are about ... type of earthquake dislocation, aftershocks distribution of the M7.0 Lushan earthquake and the … Convergent. The hinterland and foreland thrust belts have remarkably different Mesozoic sequences and structural styles. This relatively uncommon bidirectional Wilson cycle might be attributed to the formation of the three-armed rift system in the eastern Paleotethys associated with the late Permian Eemeishan Large Igneous Province in the LSTC; (5) A three-stage tectonic sequence of, in-sequence imbricate thrust in the LSTC during India-Eurasian collisional orogeny at 55–15 Ma, extrusion from 15 to 5 Ma and the plateau uplift since ∼5 Ma resulting from lower crustal channel flow, is proposed for the formation of the present LSTC. 4.8 million. Longmenshan Fault. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Compressional forces brought on by this shift sheared the ground in two locations along the fault, thrusting the ground upward by…. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. Fault: Longmenshan Fault: Type: Thrust fault: Areas affected: Sichuan: Total damage: $150 billion (2008 USD) Max. Based on the GPS observations, we exploit the deformation response of the Southern Segment of the Longmenshan Fault (SSLMF) to the Wenchuan earthquake. Number of people missing. The MT-derived viscosities are consistent with previous regional-scale estimates but reveal the viscosity structure in more detail. The Longmenshan fault was the source fault of the May 12, 2008 Mw7.9 Sichuan earthquake (Figure 1). The Moho deepens from about 50 km under Songpan–Ganzi in east Tibet to about 60 km beneath the LMS and then shallows to about 35 km under the western Sichuan basin. The 7.0-magnitude earthquake that hit Sichuan on Saturday occurred on the same Longmenshan fault as the 8.0-magnitude earthquake in 2008. Number of people injured. The Longmenshan Fault Zone (LFZ) is a tectonic boundary between the Tibetan Plateau and the Sichuan Basin of the South China Block. North east striking reverse fault. 69,000. …along the 155-mile- (249-km-) long Longmenshan Fault, a thrust fault in which the stresses produced by the northward-moving Indian-Australian plate shifted a portion of the Plateau of Tibet eastward. We consider a planar fault … The former coincides with steep topographic relief and the edge of a mid-crustal LVZ both the middle and lower crust contribute to crustal thickening relative to Sichuan Basin, but the onset of … intensity: XI : Aftershocks: 149 to 284 major, over 42,719 total: Casualties According to the analysis of regional tectonic, seismic activities, geomorphic features, remote sensing images, and deep geophysical data, combined with field studies, the existence, distribution and type of the transverse faults in the Longmenshan fault zone were demonstrated. please help me i cant find the answer anywhere else on the internet The upper block moves downward relative to the lower block. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. The Longmenshan Tectonic Complex was bounded by Paleozoic passive continental margin and Yangtze Craton. Reconstruction reveals a Rodinian trench-arc-basin system. Normal Fault. Based on the digital seismic waveform data observed from regional seismic networks and mobile stations, the focal mechanism solutions are determined. Put them on water so they float against each other. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the Longmenshan thrust fault area at three years after the 2013 earthquake in Lushan, China. 18,400. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Due to sequential tectonic superposition and tectonic reactivation, the tectonic nature of the LSTC, and in particularly the older history, has been profoundly debated and many different tectonic models have been proposed. Objective: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among adolescent survivors of the 2013 Lushan earthquake. This fault was created when two tectonic plates collided with each other, resulting in the rise of mountains next to the Sichuan basin. The Longmenshan Fault is a thrust fault which runs along the base of the Longmenshan Mountains in Sichuan province in southwestern China.The strike of the fault plane is approximately NE. Newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox: Download image., you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica could with! Ground upward by… Wenchuan earthquake on May 12, 2008, abundant studies of the Bayan Har block on digital! Sciencedirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. sciencedirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. or licensors... 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